BQE

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Biological Quality Elements (BQE)

The ecological status of a river can be assessed by evaluating indicators for the composition, abundance, species diversity or absence of various groups of organisms known as “biological quality elements”. Four biological quality elements are used for rivers: algae (phytobenthos), macrophytes, macroinvertebrates and fish.

Phytoplankton Macrophytes and phytobenthos Benthic invertebrates Fish
BQE phytoplankton.jpg [1] BQE macrophytes.jpg [2] BQE benthic invertebrates.jpg [3] BQE fish.jpg


Using biological quality elements for detecting hydromorphological degradation <hyperlink to page on “Biological quality elements as indicators of hydromorphological degradation”> turns out to remain difficult. Improvements might be possible when using trait-based metrics <hyperlink to page on “Trait-based metrics”> instead of metrics based on species identity. Monitoring <hyperlink to page on “Shortcomings in standard monitoring”> needs to be improved too. Nonetheless, unclear relationships <hyperlink to page on “Why aren’t relationships stronger?”> between hydromorphological degradation and biota seem inevitable. Therefore REFORM recommends, with the current level of knowledge, using the hydromorphological method directly for ecological class assessment, circumventing the use of biological indicators.

Further reading: REFORM deliverables D3.1, D3.2, D3.3 and D3.4

References

  1. Wikipedia. Phytoplankton
  2. WISER Project EU. Macrophytes and phytobenthos
  3. Internet Stones. Pearl Mussels, Margaritifera Margaritifera