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| − | =Manzanares =
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| − | <googlemap version="0.9" lat="40.7416970923627" lon="-3.88946056365967" zoom="15" scale="yes" overview="yes" controls="large"> </googlemap>
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| − | {{forecasterTemplate
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| − | |site_name=Manzanares
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| − | |river_name=Manzanares
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| − | |river_type_name=large slow-flowing river over sand/clay
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| − | |country=ES
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| − | |altitude=mid-altitude: 200 - 800 m
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| − | |catchmentarea=medium: > 100 - 1000 km2
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| − | |geology=Siliceous
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| − | |latitude=40.7416970923627
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| − | |longitude=-3.88946056365967
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| − | |natcode=SP
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| − | |pressures=Morphological alterations<br> Presence of downstream artificial barriers on the catchment scale<br> Artificial barriers upstream from the site<br> Artificial barriers downstream from the site<br>
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| − | |measures=Structural modifications<br> Modify/replace existing structures<br>
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| − | |size=0
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| − | |size_unit=ha
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| − | |costs= 0
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| − | |costs_unit= EUR
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| − | |synergy=-
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| − | |status_name= Realised
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| − | |period= 2000
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| − | |evaluation=No
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| − | |organization=
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| − | }}
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| − | This case study has been described by Arenillas-Girola(2008).<ref>Arenillas Girola, Lidia, 2008. The Manzanares river restoration (northern Madrid-Spain): demolition of an obsolete dam and riverine ecosystem rehabilitation. 4th ECRR Conference on River Restoration, Venice, Italy, June 2008. <br>'''DOWNLOAD full paper''' [[Media:S1_4_Arenillas Girola.pdf]]</ref>. Here below we present the abstract of the paper:
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| − | <br>
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| − | Manzanares river, in the Tajo basin, has its source within the mountains of the
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| − | Sistema Central chain, located in the northern part of the Madrid region. During the
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| − | first few kilometers, the river flows across an area where the granite geology and the
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| − | pristine nature are so interesting and unique, that has been declared as a Regional
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| − | Park and as well as an UNESCO Biosphere Reserve since 1992.
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| − | In the heart of this area, during the decade of the 40s, a dam was built in the
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| − | Manzanares river in order to supply water to the village located downstream. Year
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| − | by year the dam has accumulated such a big quantity of sediments coming from the
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| − | granite banks and slopes, that at the end of the century it was completely full of
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| − | sand, in such a way that it became useless and an ecological disaster.
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| − | The Confederación Hidrográfica del Tajo (the river basin authority) in collaboration
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| − | with other authorities, stated as an achievement this dam demolition. The target was
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| − | to give back to the river the natural features it had before the dam construction.
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| − | As the dam was located in a protected area, one of the goals was to preserve -as far
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| − | as possible- all the natural values of the surroundings, trying to accomplish all the
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| − | works without damaging the river bed, the banks and the areas nearby, keeping as
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| − | well flora and landscape features. The works were carried out in three stages: in each
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| − | one the target was the demolition of a part of the dam through different controlled
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| − | detonations and then the waste removal. This task was carried out through an
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| − | helicopter, as the path between the river bank and the granite slope was so narrow
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| − | that a heavy machine would have caused a significant destruction of it.
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| − | The last goal was to restore the river bed and banks that had been affected by the
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| − | dam -while existing- and the demolition works. During this stage the tasks were just
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| − | a light reforestation and not much more, as the river flow was able to remove the last
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| − | sand particles that had been retained near the old dam.
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| − |
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| − | '''References:'''
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| − | <references />
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| − |
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| − | [[Category:Case_studies]]
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| − | [[Category:Morphological conditions river depth and width variation]]
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