1D numerical hydrodynamic models

1D numerical hydrodynamic models

Type

Hydromorphological models

Basic principles

Fundamental equations for conservation of water mass and water flow momentum, spatially averaged over cross-section segments and time-averaged over all turbulent fluctuations

Outputs

Flow velocities, water depths, water levels, flow shear stresses

Rivertypes

• Landscape unit
•    Landscape unit

Related Pressures

• Surface water abstraction
• Hydropeaking
• Sediment discharge from dredging
• Reservoir flushing
• Hydrological regime modification
• Interbasin flow transfers
• Discharge diversions and returns
• Colinear connected reservoir
• Artificial barriers downstream from the site
• Artificial barriers upstream from the site
• Alteration of instream habitat
• Sand and gravel extraction
• Sedimentation and sediment input
• Embankments, levees or dikes
• Loss of vertical connectivity
• Impoundment
• Alteration of riparian vegetation
• Channelisation / cross section alteration
• Other pressures

Related Measures

• Improve/Create water storage
• Reduce water consumption
• Increase minimum flows
• Recycle used water
• Improve water retention
• Reduce surface water abstraction with return
• Water diversion and transfer
• Reduce surface water abstraction without return
• Reduce groundwater extraction
• Reduce anthropogenic flow peaks
• Modify hydropeaking
• Shorten the length of impounded reaches
• Increase flood frequency and duration in riparian zones or floodplains
• Favour morphogenic flows
• Link flood reduction with ecological restoration
• Ensure minimum flows
• Manage aquatic vegetation
• Establish environmental flows / naturalise flow regimes
• Facilitate downstream migration
• Manage sluice and weir operation for fish migration
• Remove barrier
• Install fish pass/bypass/side channel for upstream migration
• Modify culverts, syphons, piped streams
• Fish-friendly turbines and pumping stations

Useful references

Selected software systems

Basement: http://www.basement.ethz.ch/

FLUX/FLORIS: http://www.scietec.at/navigation/powerslave,id,17,nodeid,17,_language,en.html

HEC-RAS: http://www.hec.usace.army.mil/software/hec-ras/

ISIS: http://www.halcrow.com/isis/

Mage: http://www.irstea.fr/mage

Mike11: http://www.mikebydhi.com/Products/WaterResources/MIKE11.aspx

RubarBE:

SNUMB:

SOBEK: http://www.deltaressystems.com/hydro/product/108282/sobek-suite

WASPI: http://www.hydroconsult.net/software_de.htm

Theoretical background

Cunge J.A., Holly F.M. and Verwey A. (1980): Practical aspects of computational river hydraulics. Pitman, London.

Reichel G. and Fäh, R. (1995): Programmpaket FLORIS: Grundlagen und praktische Anwendungen. In: Mathematische Modelle offener Gerinne, Konstruktiver Wasserbau / Landschaftswasserbau 17, ÖWAV-Seminar 21.11.1995, Wien.

Reichel G. (2001): FluxDSS und FLORIS2000 - ein leistungsfähiges Paket zur Modellierung der Fließvorgänge in komplexen Systemen. Österreichische Wasserwirtschaft, Jg. 53, Heft 5/6, S. 170-171.

USACE (2002): HEC-RAS River Analysis System, Hydraulic Reference Manual Version 3.1. US Army Corps of Engineers, Hydrologic Engineering Center, Davis, California, USA.

Sample applications

Abbot M.B. and Ionescu F. (1967): On the numerical computation of nearly horizontal flows. Journal of Hydraulic Research, Vol. 5, pp. 97-117. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00221686709500195

Hauer C., Unfer G., Schmutz S., Tritthart M. and Habersack, H. (2007): The necessity of modelling the stability of rheophilous cyprinids spawning grounds including comparing 1D, 2D and 3D numerical models. Proc. 6th Ecohydraulics Symposium, 18.-23.2.2007, Christchurch, New Zealand.